Arnau de Vilanova, Aproximadamente 1240-1311

"Arnau de Vilanova (en Catalán y provenzal), denominado también Arnaldo de Vilanova o de Villanueva en español, Arnaldus de Villa Nova o Arnaldus Villanovanus en latín y Arnaud de Villeneuve en francés (ca. 1238 - Génova, 1311), posiblemente nacido en Villanueva de San Martín -ahora Villanueva de Jiloca-, Zaragoza, fue médico, teólogo y embajador de grandes figuras de la monarquía y del clero de su época. Escribió obras claves para la medicina europea medieval, como Regimen Sanitatis ad regum Aragonum, Medicinalium introductionum speculum y algunos tratados de patología general, entre otros. Se le conocía como el "médico de Reyes y Papas" y se le han atribuido obras de alquimia, aunque muchas de las obras que se le adjudican podrían no ser suyas. De formación políglota, dominaba el hebreo, árabe, probablemente el griego, algunas lenguas vulgares de Francia, Italia y el latín y valenciano, siendo estas dos últimas las que usó para escribir sus obras."

"Arnaldus de Villa Nova (also called Arnau de Vilanova in Catalan, his language, Arnaldus Villanovanus, Arnaud de Ville-Neuve or Arnaldo de Villanueva, c. 1240-1311) was a physician and a religious reformer. In the past also he was thought falsely to be an alchemist and an astrologer. He was born in the Crown of Aragon, probably Villanueva de Jiloca or Valencia, and he studied medicine and he also took some courses of theology. After living at the court of Aragon and teaching for many years in the Montpellier School of Medicine, he went to Paris, where he gained a considerable reputation; but he incurred the enmity of ecclesiastics. In 1311 he was summoned to Avignon by Pope Clement V, but he died on the voyage off the coast of Genoa. He is credited with translating a number of medical texts from Arabic, including works by Ibn Sina (Avicenna), Abu-l-Salt, and Galen. Many alchemical writings, including Rosarius Philosophorum, Novum Lumen, or Flos Florum, are also ascribed to him, but they are not authentic. Collected editions of them were published at Lyon in 1504 and 1532 (with a biography by Symphorianus Campegius), at Basel in 1585, and at Lyon in 1586. He is also the reputed author of important medical works, such as Speculum medicinae and Regimen sanitatis ad regem Aragonum, but many others, such as Breviarium Practicae, were falsely attributed to him. In addition, he wrote many theological works for the reformation of Christianity in Latin and in Catalan, some of them including apocalyptical prophecies."