Buarque de Holanda, Sérgio, 1902-1982

"Sérgio Buarque de Holanda (São Paulo, July 11, 1902 - São Paulo, April 24, 1982) was an important Brazilian writer, journalist, historian and member of the Academia Paulista de Letras. In 1921, he moved with his family to Rio de Janeiro. He participated in the Week of Modern Art of 1922, in São Paulo, being nominated by Mário de Andrade and Oswaldo de Andrade, the representative of the Klaxon magazine in Rio de Janeiro. In 1925, he earned the degree of bachelor of law from the Universidade do Brasil (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro today). In 1926, he moved to Cachoeiro do Itapemirim, in Espírito Santo, after being invited by the director of the newspaper O Progresso. In the same year, he founded with Prudente de Morais Neto, the magazine Estética. He returned to Rio de Janeiro in 1927 and started to work as a columnist of the Jornal do Brasil and as an employee of the United Press Agency. In 1929 he traveled to Europe as a correspondent of the Diários Associados and settled in Berlin, where he met Friedrich Meinecke. He collaborated, in 1930, in the "Brasilianische Rundschau" magazine of the Conselho do Comércio Brasileiro de Hamburgo. In 1936, back in Brasil, he worked at the Universidade do Distrito Federal as assistant-teacher to Henri Hauser in the chair of contemporary and modern history. He also taught comparative literature as an assistant to Professor Trouchon. In 1936, Sérgio Buarque de Holanda published his book Raízes do Brasil, considered by many to be one of the most important books ever written in Brazil. In 1939, when the Universidade do Distrito Federal was closed, Sergio Buarque de Holanda was invited by Augusto Meyer to be the director of the publishing sector of the Instituto Nacional do Livro. Invited by the State Departament sector of International Relations, he traveled in 1941 to the US. Three years later, in 1944, he became the director of the Divisão de Consulta da Biblioteca Nacional do Rio de Janeiro. In 1945, he participated of the Democratic Left foundation, and traveled to São Paulo to participate in the Writers' Congress. He was elected as a president of the Federal District Sector of the Brazilian Association of Writers. In 1946, he moved to São Paulo, where he substituted for his ex-professor, Anso de E. Taunay, as director of the Museu Paulista. In 1947, he became professor of Economic history of Brazil in the Escola de Sociologia e Política, substituting for Roberto Simonsen. He traveled to Paris for three academic conferences at the Sorbonne, in 1949. In 1952, he moved with his family to Italy, where he stayed for two years as visiting professor in the Brazilian Studies Department of University of Rome. In 1957, he received the Edgard Cavalheiro Prize from the Instituto Nacional do Livro after publishing the book "Caminhos e Fronteiras". He occupied in 1958, the chair of History of the Brazilian Civilization in the Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas of University of São Paulo (USP), with the thesis Visão do Paraíso - os motivos edênicos no descobrimento e na colonização do Brasil. He became in 1962 the first director of the Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros of University of São Paulo. From 1963 to 1967, he traveled as visiting professor to universities in Chile and the United States and participated in cultural missions in association with Unesco in Peru and Costa Rica. In 1969, he retired from his job as professor of USP in solidarity with his colleagues affected by the AI-5 (see Brazilian military dictatorship and military dictatorship). He also received the Governador do Estado Prize, in 1967, in the category of literature. In 1979, he received, as the year's Brazilian Intellectual, the Juca Pato Prize. Sérgio Buarque de Holanda died in São Paulo, on April 24, 1982. Among his most famous books are: Raízes do Brasil (1936), Cobra de Vidro (1944), Caminhos e Fronteiras (1957) and Visão do Paraíso (1959). Sérgio Buarque de Holanda contributed regularly to Folha de S.Paulo newspaper from 1950 to 1953. He was the father of the Brazilian singer-songwriters Chico Buarque and Miúcha."