Vega, Lope de, 1562-1635

\"Lope Félix de Vega Carpio; 25 November 1562 - 27 August 1635) was a Spanish playwright, poet, novelist and marine. He was one of the key figures in the Spanish Golden Age of Baroque literature. His reputation in the world of Spanish literature is second only to that of Miguel de Cervantes, while the sheer volume of his literary output is unequalled, making him one of the most prolific authors in the history of literature. He was nicknamed \"The Phoenix of Wits\" and \"Monster of Nature\" (in Spanish: Fénix de los Ingenios, Monstruo de la Naturaleza) by Cervantes because of his prolific nature. Lope de Vega renewed the Spanish theatre at a time when it was starting to become a mass cultural phenomenon. He defined its key characteristics, and along with Pedro Calderón de la Barca and Tirso de Molina, took Spanish Baroque theatre to its greatest heights. Because of the insight, depth and ease of his plays, he is regarded as one of the greatest dramatists in Western literature, his plays still being produced worldwide. He was also considered one of the best lyric poets in the Spanish language, and wrote several novels. Although not well known in the English-speaking world, his plays were presented in England as late as the 1660s, when diarist Samuel Pepys recorded having attended some adaptations and translations of them, although he omits mentioning the author. Some 3,000 sonnets, 3 novels, 4 novellas, 9 epic poems, and about 500 plays are attributed to him. Although he has been criticised for putting quantity ahead of quality, nevertheless at least 80 of his plays are considered masterpieces. He was a friend of the writer Francisco de Quevedo and an arch-enemy of the dramatist Juan Ruiz de Alarcón. The volume of his lifework made him envied by not only contemporary authors such as Cervantes and Luis de Góngora, but also by many others: for instance, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe once wished he had been able to produce such a vast and colourful oeuvre.\"

\"Lope de Vega Carpio (Madrid, 25 de noviembre de 1562-ibidem, 27 de agosto de 1635) fue uno de los poetas y dramaturgos más importantes del Siglo de Oro español y, por la extensión de su obra, uno de los autores más prolí­ficos de la literatura universal. El llamado Fénix de los ingenios y Monstruo de Naturaleza (por Miguel de Cervantes) renovó las fórmulas del teatro español en un momento en el que el teatro comenzaba a ser un fenómeno cultural de masas. Máximo exponente, junto a Tirso de Molina y Calderón de la Barca, del teatro barroco español, sus obras siguen representándose en la actualidad y constituyen una de las cotas más altas alcanzadas en la literatura y las artes españolas. Fue también uno de los grandes lí­ricos de la lengua castellana y autor de varias novelas y obras narrativas largas en prosa y en verso. Se le atribuyen unos 3000 sonetos, tres novelas, cuatro novelas cortas, nueve epopeyas, tres poemas didácticos y varios centenares de comedias (1800 según Juan Pérez de Montalbán). Amigo de Francisco de Quevedo y de Juan Ruiz de Alarcón, enemistado con Luis de Góngora y en larga rivalidad con Cervantes, su vida fue tan extrema como su obra. Fue padre de la también dramaturga sor Marcela de San Félix.\"